TIP Articles
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Related LawsExecutive Order #11246 as amended
Related InformationUniform Guidelines regarding Affirmative Action
DOL Fact Sheet on Affirmative Action |
Key Cases:
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978)
Click here to listen to the oral arguments and/or decision in the Bakke case
United Steelworkers of America, AFL-CIO-CLC v. Weber 443 U.S. 193 (1979)
Click here to listen to the oral argument in the Weber case
Firefighters Local v. Stotts 467 U.S. 561 (1984)
Wygant v. Jackson Board of Education 476 U.S. 267 (1986)
Johnson v. Transportation Agency, 480 U.S. 616 (1987)
United States v. Paradise 480 U.S. 149 (1987)
Martin v. Wilkes 490 U.S. 755 (1989)
Click here to listen to the oral argument in the Johnson case
Adarand Constructors v. Pena 575 U.S. 250 (1995)
City of Richmond v. Croson 488 U.S. 469 (1989)
Gratz V. Bollinger 539 U.S. 244 (2003)
Click here to listen to the oral argument and/or decision in the Gratz v. Bollinger case
Grutter V. Bollinger 539 U.S. (02-241) 288 F.3d 732 (2003)
Click here to listen to the oral argument in the Grutter v. Bollinger case
Parents v. Seattle School District (2007)
Click here to listen to the oral argument and/or decision in the Parents case